OVERVIEW OF HRM :
Human Resource Management (HR) focuses on the people issues in organizations, and refers to all of the activities an organization implements and uses to affect the behaviors of employees. HR activities play a key role in supporting an organization's ongoing efforts to adapt to change successfully, and HR professionals are sought by all sizes and types of organizations.
HR activities include recruitment, selection, training and development, compensation, benefits, performance appraisal, employee relations, health and safety, and strategic HR planning. The contributions of HR professionals make it possible for organizations to attract, motivate, and retain a qualified and effective work force.
HRM is the field of management which plans, organizes, controls the functions of procurement, development, maintenance and utilization of the work force so that.
- Organization goals can be accomplished.
- Objectives of human resources can be accomplished
- Objectives of society can be accomplished.
DEFINITIONS OF HRM :
1. According to Flippo, Human Resource Management is:
"The planning, organizing, directing and controlling of the procurement, development, compensation, integration, maintenance and reproduction of human resources to the end that individual, organizational and societal objectives are accomplished".
2. According to David A Decenzo and Stephen P Robbins HRM is:
" A Process consisting of the acquisition , development , motivation and maintenance of Human Resources . "
FUNCTIONS OF HRM :
OPERATIVE FUNCTIONS:
1. RECRUITMENT :
Attract, hire and retain an experienced, committed and well-motivated workforce.Several elements to this task : developing a job description, advertising the job postings, screening applicants, conducting interviews, making offers and negotiating salaries and benefits. Companies that value their people put a serious amount of investment in recruiting and staffing services.
As the right set of talented employees can not only raise the companies profile but also help it achieve profitability and keep it running effectively and successfully.
2. TRAINING AND DEVELOPMENT :
Providing on-the-job as well as refresher training for all employees (newly hired and existing) alike.Developing training systems across all locations in order to make communication and sharing of resources a convenient task.
Measurement and monitoring is another vital aspect of training in order to foster adoption of their new skills.
3.PROFESSIONAL DEVELOPMENT :
Effective HR departments allow and encourage the employees with opportunities for growth, leadership training and education, which in turn contribute to the success of the company.Sponsoring for career advancement seminars, training, corporate social responsibilities and trade shows will make employees feel important and cared for by the team and organization.
4. BENEFITS AND COMPENSATION:
A company is more likely to be successful, if it adapts new ways of providing benefits to employees. Some non-traditional benefits that can attract and retain new skilled employees are:- Flexible working hours or workdays.
- Extended vacation time.
- Paternity leave or childcare.
- Medical/dental insurance.
- Corporate gym membership discounts.
- Continuing education/skills development.
- Award & recognition programs .
5. ENSURING LEGAL COMPLIANCE :
Compliance with labor, tax and employment laws is a vital part of safeguarding the organization’s continued existence.HR has to be aware of all the mandate laws and policies regarding employment practices, working conditions, tax allowances, required working hours, overtime, break times, minimum wage, and discrimination policies as noncompliance can affect productivity and ultimately, profitability of the company.
